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考研英語每日練習(xí)
想要取得理想的考研英語成績，就一定要在這部分下功夫。那么，考研英語怎么練習(xí)?下面小編為大家整理的考研英語每日練習(xí)，希望大家喜歡!
句一：In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
解析：該句子的主干是John McWhorter sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English（John McWhorter認為20世紀60年代反文化運動的勝利應(yīng)對正式英語的退化負責(zé)）.in his latest book做狀語，書名Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should Like,Care充當book的同位語，主語和謂語之間的成分a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views（一位語言學(xué)家，一個兼有自由主義和保守主義思想的爭議人物）是插入語，說明John McWhorter的身份。
句二：In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. (2010--text 3)
解析：A cursory search 是主語，finds是賓語，that后是一個賓語從句，在賓語從句中，主語是small group of people, 謂語是帶ing的三個詞，這三個詞后要接賓語的，所以whatever又引導(dǎo)一個賓語從句，在從句中，it做主語，is是系動詞，whatever做表語。Before引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句。該句是說在很多情況下，對原因的粗略調(diào)查顯示，在其他人注意到這一潮流之前，一些小群體早就開始了引領(lǐng)或發(fā)展潮流的做法。
句三：I have discovered,as perhaps Kelsey will after her much publicized resignation from the editorship of Sheafter a build up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”,and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.
解析：句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是I have discovered that.....（我已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)....） .that所跟賓語從句的主語是兩個現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”,（放棄“忙忙碌碌”的生活信條）和making the alternative move into “downshifting”（ 轉(zhuǎn)而選擇一種“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的生活），賓語從句中的謂語動詞是brings with(帶來)，as perhaps Kelsey will after her much publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build up of stress（就像凱希因壓力過大而高調(diào)地辭去了《她》雜志編輯一職后會可能發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣）既是全句的伴隨狀語，又是全句的插入語。
句四：His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States，but his definition of racial prejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition， can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語、抽象詞
譯文：該社會學(xué)家的命題當被應(yīng)用于針對美國黑人的歧視時，相對而言尚能適用，但他對種族偏見所下的定義 即 以種族為基礎(chǔ)的、針對某個群體的消級的先入之見，而該群體在任何特定的種族競爭地區(qū)則被普遍認作一種族 可被理解成同樣也襄括了針對加利福尼亞州的中國人以及中世紀的猶太人這樣一些種族群體的敵視態(tài)度。
解釋：本句長度驚人，插入部分比較長，再加上不乏抽象詞，所以較為難懂，在表示轉(zhuǎn)折的后半個分鐘中，長長的插入語as raciallybased negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of thnic competition作為主語his definition of racial prejudice的同位語，使分句中的主謂相隔千山萬水。除此之外，本句用詞抽象，語義難以理解，對讀者的詞匯功底要求較高�？荚嚞F(xiàn)場如無法讀懂，宜用合理化原則中的取非讀法，but之前的分句說的是其論點對美國黑人的種族歧視是較為管用，轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容就應(yīng)該說其理論對華人和猶太人相對無用。
考研英語閱讀理解精
法律類
GOING BACK AND GETTING IT RIGHT
By almost every measure, Paul Pfingst is an unsentimental prosecutor. Last week the San Diego County district attorney said he fully intends to try suspect Charles Andrew Williams, 15, as an adult for the Santana High School shootings. Even before the tragedy, Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults.
So nobody would have wagered that Pfingst would also be the first D.A. in the U.S. to launch his very own Innocence Project. Yet last June, Pfingst told his attorneys to go back over old murder and rape convictions and see if any unravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools. In other words, he wanted to revisit past victories--this time playing for the other team. "I think people misunderstand being conservative for being biased," says Pfingst. "I consider myself a pragmatic guy, and I have no interest in putting innocent people in jail."
Around the U.S., flabbergasted defense attorneys and their jailed clients cheered his move. Among prosecutors, however, there was an awkward pause. After all, each DNA test costs as much as $5,000. Then theres the unspoken risk: if dozens of innocents turn up, the D.A. will have indicted his shop.
But nine months later, no budgets have been busted or prosecutors ousted. Only the rare case merits review. Pfingsts team considers convictions before 1993, when the city started routine DNA testing. They discard cases if the defendant has been released. Of the 560 remaining files, they have re-examined 200, looking for cases with biological evidence and defendants who still claim innocence.
They have identified three so far. The most compelling involves a man serving 12 years for molesting a girl who was playing in his apartment. But others were there at the time. Police found a small drop of saliva on the victims shirt--too small a sample to test in 1991. Today that spot could free a man. Test results are due any day. Inspired by San Diego, 10 other counties in the U.S. are starting DNA audits.
By Amanda Ripley ez ncisco sijevic rtwell; Lisa McLaughlin; Joseph Pierro; Josh Tyrangiel and Sora Song
注(1)本文選自Time; 03/19/2001, Vol. 157 Issue 11, p62, 1p, 2c, 3bw
注(2)本文習(xí)題命題模仿對象2004年真題text 1.
1.How did Pfingst carry out his own Innocence Project?
[A]By getting rid of his bias against the suspects.
[B]By revisiting the past victories.
[C]By using the newly developed DNA-testing tools.
[D]By his cooperation with his attorneys.
2.Which of the following can be an advantage of Innocence Project?
[A]To help correct the wrong judgments.
[B]To oust the unqualified prosecutors.
[C]To make the prosecutors in an awkward situation.
[D]To cheer up the defense attorneys and their jailed clients.
3.The expression “flabbergasted”(Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means _______.
[A]excited
[B]competent
[C]embarrassed
[D]astounded
4.Why was Pfingst an unsentimental prosecutor?
[A]He intended to try a fifteen-year old suspect.
[B]He had no interest in putting the innocent in jail.
[C]He supported the controversial California law.
[D]He wanted to try suspect as young as fourteen.
5.Which of the following is not true according to the text?
[A]Pfingst’s move didn’t have a great coverage.
[B] Pfingst’s move had both the positive and negative effect.
[C] Pfingst’s move didn’t work well.
[D]Pfingst’s move greatly encouraged the jailed prisoners.
篇章剖析
本文采用的是記敘文的模式。第一段指出芬斯特作為一位鐵面無私的檢查官的一些做法;第二段指出芬斯特實施“清白計劃”的打算及做法;第三段指出實施“清白計劃”造成的反應(yīng)以及可能存在的問題;第四段和第五段是實施“清白計劃”的結(jié)果和影響。
詞匯注釋
prosecutor [5prRsIkju:tE(r)]n.檢察官 ,檢察員,起訴人,原告
controversial [kRntrE5v:F(E)l]adj.爭論的, 爭議的
mandate [5mAndeIt]v.批準制訂一個訓(xùn)令，如通過法律;發(fā)布命令或要求：
wager [5weIdVE(r)]v.下賭注, 保證
conviction [kEn5vIkF(E)n]n.定罪, 宣告有罪
unravel[Qn5rAv(E)l]v. 闡明, 解決
flabbergast[5flAbE^B:st; (?@) -^Ast]v.<口>使大吃一驚, 啞然失色, 使目瞪口呆
indict[In5daIt]v.起訴, 控告, 指控, 告發(fā)
bust[bQst]v.破產(chǎn)或缺錢
oust[aJst]v.剝奪, 取代, 驅(qū)逐
discard[dI5skB:d]v.拋開;遺棄;廢棄
molest[mE5lest]v.., 困擾, 調(diào)戲
saliva[sE5laIvE]n.口水, 唾液
難句突破
1.Even before the tragedy, Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults.
主體句式：…Pfingst had stood behind …
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：Even before the tragedy是本句的時間狀語;主句是Pfingst had stood behind…;that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句修飾law;在從句中，as…as是一詞組，意思是“和…一樣”;出現(xiàn)的第三個as是介詞，意思是“作為”。
句子譯文：甚至在這場悲劇發(fā)生之前芬斯特就支持加利福尼亞州的一項頗有爭議的法律。這項法律規(guī)定，以成人身份受審的謀殺嫌疑犯的最低年齡可以降到十四歲。
題目分析
1.答案為C，屬事實細節(jié)題。文中對應(yīng)信息“Pfingst told his attorneys to go back over old murder and rape convictions and see if any unravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools.”是對第二段第一句的補充說明。
2.答案為A，屬推理判斷題。從上下文我們可以得知，實施“清白計劃”就是使用先進的DNA技術(shù)來重新審理過去的案件當中可能存在的冤案錯案。
3.答案為D, 屬猜詞題。從第二段第一句話我們得知芬斯特可能是美國第一個實施非常獨特的“清白計劃”的人，因此他的做法很可能是令人感到吃驚的，從而可猜出該詞的含義。
4.答案為B，屬推理判斷題。從第一段和第二段給出的事例我們可以看出，芬斯特不愿放過任何一個犯罪的人，即便他的年齡還不算大;他也不愿使無辜者蒙冤，即便案件已經(jīng)審理。
5.答案為C，屬推理判斷題。正因為 “Pfingst’s move works well”,美國才又有“ten other counties are starting DNA audits”,而且，“no budgets have been busted or prosecutors ousted”.
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