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動名詞的用法歸納
動名詞是非謂動詞的一種形式。從形式上，它與正在進(jìn)行時中的分詞相同，都是在動詞原形的末尾加上-ing。但是動名詞的用法與現(xiàn)在分詞還是有很大區(qū)別的。下面是小編整理的動名詞的用法歸納，歡迎大家閱覽。
英語動名詞有兩個特點(diǎn)：
1、它是從動詞變化而來的，所以它保留了動詞的某些特征，例如它能帶自己的賓語、狀語等，這時就叫動名詞短語;
2、顧名思義，動名詞最大的特點(diǎn)是它相當(dāng)于一個名詞，因此，動名詞可以在句中作主語、賓語等。因?yàn)樗鳛槊~來使用，所以動名詞也有像名詞一樣的"所有格形式"。
1、作主語
動名詞是由動詞變化而來，所以，動名詞的意義往往是表示某個動作或某件事情。例如：
breathing became difficult at that altitude.
在那個海拔高度呼吸變得很困難。
reading english aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.
早晨朗讀英文會給你帶來許多好處。
cheating on an exam ruins ones character.
考試作弊毀壞人的性格。
it takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.
我從辦公室回家要花十分鐘。
it needs time to make three copies of it.
把它復(fù)制三份需要時間。
his being elected our chairman made us think of a lot.
他當(dāng)選為我們的主席使我們想起了許多許多。
動名詞作主語時，對于一些比較長的動名詞短語，一般采用"it is …"和"there is …"兩種句式來表示。例如：
it is no use waiting for him any longer.
等他是沒有用的。
it is no good learning without practice.
學(xué)而不實(shí)踐是沒好處的。
it is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light.
用這種方法去測量光速是危險的。
it is worthwhile consulting your tutor about it again.
很值得再向你的指導(dǎo)老師咨詢一下這個問題。
there is no joking about such matters.
這種事開不得玩笑。
there is no denying the fact that china has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was founded.
不容抵賴這個事實(shí)，中國自它成立以來已在各個方面都取得了飛速的發(fā)展。
there is no littering about.
不許亂扔雜物。
2、作定語
動名詞作定語的情況并不是很普遍，一般只限于單個的動名詞作定語，表示“用于……的”或表示“處于某件事情中的……”含義。例如：
swimming pool 游泳池 reading material 閱讀材料
walking stick 手杖 floating needle 浮針
opening speech 開幕詞 listening aid 助聽器
waiting room 候車室 running water 自來水
developing countries 發(fā)展中國家 working people 勞動人民
sleeping child 熟睡孩子
3、作表語
動名詞作表語的時候，特別要注意：不要與正在進(jìn)行時混淆。動名詞作表語，表達(dá)的是“某件事”等。例如：
his part-time job is promoting new products for the company. (動名詞)
他的業(yè)余工作是為那家公司推銷新產(chǎn)品。
reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.(動名詞)
讀書當(dāng)然是學(xué)習(xí)，然而運(yùn)用在很大程度上更是學(xué)習(xí)。
their task is exploring oil mines in the west. (動名詞)
他們的任務(wù)是在西部探查油礦。
動名詞作表語，容易與現(xiàn)在分詞作表語相混淆。記住：動名詞表語表達(dá)的是“某件事”(與不定式短語的意義相近)，而現(xiàn)在分詞表語表示“具有某個作用”。例如：
the situation is very much encouraging.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
形勢非常令人鼓舞。
his present job is not that stimulating as he expected. (現(xiàn)在分詞)
他現(xiàn)在的工作并不是那么有刺激性。
their plan is to build another dormitory for their staff this year. (不定式)
他們的計劃是今年再為員工們建一棟宿舍樓。
his wish is to become a pilot. (不定式)
他的愿望是當(dāng)飛行員。
4、作賓語
(1) 動名詞跟在及物動詞后做賓語。例如：
he managed to escape suffering from the disease.
他設(shè)法避免患那種疾病。
after hearing the funny story, all of us couldnt help laughing ear to ear.
聽完了那個滑稽故事，我們?nèi)滩蛔〈笮α恕?/p>
excuse my interrupting you for a while .
請原諒我打擾你一會兒。
prof. smith considered giving his students a reading list before they started the next chapter.
史密斯教授考慮在學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)下一章之前給他們一份讀書清單。
when he came back home from his night shift, jason tried to avoid wakening his family.
當(dāng)杰遜下夜班回到家時，他盡力不弄醒他的家人。
the suspect denied turning on the computer in the office that night.
犯罪嫌疑人否認(rèn)他那晚開過辦公室的電腦。
(2) 英語中，在介詞后面也要用動名詞作賓語。例如：
im looking forward to your coming next time.
我期待著您下一次的到來。
on hearing our delegation in sydney had won 28 gold medals, all the chinese people cheered up with great joy and showed their great respects to our athletes.
當(dāng)聽到我國在悉尼的奧運(yùn)代表團(tuán)獲得了28塊金牌時，全中國人民都高興地歡呼起來，并向我們的運(yùn)動健兒們表示崇高的敬意。
the simplest kind of advertising is the classified ad.
最簡單的廣告是分類廣告。
they are against using so many animals in experiments.
他們反對用如此多的動物去做試驗(yàn)。
i dont remember ever seeing her any time.
我不記得曾幾何時見過她。
he apologized for interrupting us.
他因打斷了我們的談話而向我們道歉。
thank you for offering me so much help.
感謝你們給我提供了這么多的幫助。
he is fond of watching sports-games.
他喜歡觀看體育競賽。
she likes making herself busy all the day.
她喜歡使自己終日忙忙碌碌的。
(3) 介詞后面接動名詞時，動名詞短語也可以用完成時態(tài)或被動語態(tài)。例如：
the secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time.
那位秘書因沒有按時將報告打印出來而受責(zé)備。(動名詞的完成時態(tài))
i regret having said some rude words to my brother.
我后悔對我弟弟說了些粗話。
we have no idea of their having done such kind of thing.
我們不知道他們干過這種事情。
after having been treated in the special way, he could deal with everything around him smoothly .
他接受了特殊化的訓(xùn)練后，能順利地對付他周圍的一切。
he cant remember having been scolded by his boss for that matter.
他不記得老板曾為那件事責(zé)備過他。
people hate being praised for nothing .
人們不喜歡無緣無故的贊揚(yáng)。(動名詞的被動語態(tài))
the problem is far from being solved .
這問題遠(yuǎn)沒得到解決。
she didnt mind being left alone at home .
她不介意被一人留在家里。
(4) 下列動詞后的動名詞雖然是被動意義，但不用被動語態(tài)：
your car needs filling. 你這車要充氣了。
this city deserves visiting. 這座城市值得光顧一下。
the problem requires studying carefully .這個問
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