考研英語長難句實例匯總

　　1. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析: 本句是由for連接的兩個因果關(guān)系的并列句;for前面的部分是表示結(jié)果的分句，此句結(jié)構(gòu)是when引導的狀語從句+主句，主句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是... it is advisable to ...，其中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu);動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中又包含一個what引導的賓語從句，做find out的賓語;for后面的部分是表示原因的分句，此句結(jié)構(gòu)是：讓步狀語從句+主句，主句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是... it is possible that... ,it 是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句;

　　譯文: 當一場新的藝術(shù)運動形成某種時尚時，理應弄清其倡導者的目標所在，因為無論他們的準則在今天看來是多么牽強附會、不可思議，將來都有可能被視為正常的。

　　2.The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析: 本句主干部分是The ... result has been to make entrance ... harder for amateurs...; 第一個逗號后面是一個名詞性短語，中心詞是the result，后面是that引導的定語從句;此定語從句中包含兩個并列狀語，其結(jié)構(gòu)為first by ... and then by ... ;

　　譯文: 其總的結(jié)果是使業(yè)余人員的論文進入專業(yè)性地質(zhì)學雜志更加困難，而審稿制度的全面引進使論文發(fā)表的難度進一步加大，這一制度開始是在19世紀的全國性雜志出現(xiàn)的，進入20世紀后也在一些地方性地質(zhì)雜志實行。

　　3.Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析: 本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是... this project has turned out to be ... findings ...; findings前面的mostly low-level是findings的修飾成分，后面的about ... 介詞結(jié)構(gòu)是賓語findings的賓語補足語;逗號后面的過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)combined是狀語成分，表示一種伴隨的動作;

　　譯文: 遺憾的.是，這次調(diào)查的結(jié)果只獲得了一些膚淺的發(fā)現(xiàn)，諸如新聞報道中的事實錯誤、拼寫或語法錯誤，以及特別令人費解的困惑：讀者到底想讀些什么。

　　4.A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming I wanted to spend more time with my family.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析: 本句句子主干是A lateral move ... prompted me to ...; move后面是that引導的定語從句，修飾a lateral move, that在從句做主語;第一個逗號后面的是狀語成分，兩個逗號之間的部分是插入語;

　　譯文: 一次平級的人事調(diào)動傷了我的自尊心，并阻礙了我的事業(yè)發(fā)展，這促使我放棄自己地位較高的職業(yè)，當然，就像顏面掃盡的政府部長那樣，我也掩飾說我想多陪陪家人.

　　5.I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of juggling your life , and making the alternative move into downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析: 本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是I have discovered ... + that引導的賓語從句;as引導的句子是伴隨狀語，可以看作是插入語;在that引導的賓語從句中，主語是兩個動名詞短語:abandoning ... and making ...，謂語是brings;

　　譯文: 我已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)(由于壓力過大，凱爾茜已多次公開宣稱要辭去《她》雜志編輯的職務(wù)，在這之后她也許會同樣發(fā)現(xiàn))：放棄忙忙碌碌的生活哲學，轉(zhuǎn)而過一種放慢生活節(jié)奏的生活所帶來的回報，比經(jīng)濟成功和社會地位更有價值。

　　6.Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析: 本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)為researchers ... have began to extend that forecast...;逗號前面為狀語成分，包含一個when引導的定語從句，其中it是形式主語，appear后面是that引導的是主語從句;

　　譯文: 雖然一開始在20世紀60年代和70年代有過一段樂觀的時期--那時候仿佛晶體管電路和微處理器的發(fā)展將使它們在2010年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動--但是最近研究人員已經(jīng)開始將這個預測延后數(shù)十年，甚至數(shù)百年。

　　7. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of double effect , a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects - a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen - is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干是：... the Court ... supported the medical principle of double effect although引導的讓步狀語從句，其中包含一個that引導的賓語從句，作ruled的賓語;a centuries-old moral principle是the medical principle的同位語，其中包含一個現(xiàn)在分詞holding及其賓語從句現(xiàn)在分詞短語做定語;賓語從句中，主干部分是：an action ... is permissible... ，其中having是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾an action;兩個破折號之間是對two effects的解釋說明;賓語從句中還包含一個if引導的條件狀語從句;

　　譯文：盡管裁決認為，憲法沒有賦予醫(yī)生幫助病人自殺的權(quán)利，然而最高法庭實際上卻認可了醫(yī)療界的雙效原則，這個存在了好幾個世紀的道德原則認為，如果某種行為具有雙重效果(希望達到的好效果和可以預見得到的壞效果)，那么，只要行為實施只是想達到好的效果，這個行為就是可以允許的。

　　8. For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals - no meat, no fur, no medicines.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干是：... a ... woman ... was distributing a brochure ... ; woman后面的現(xiàn)在分詞短語staffing an animal rights booth是woman的后置定語;brochure后面的that引導定語從句; anything后面的that引導定語從句;

　　譯文：例如，在近期的一次集市上，一位老奶奶站在動物權(quán)利宣傳點前散發(fā)小冊子，規(guī)勸人們不要使用動物制品和動物實驗制品--肉類，毛皮，藥物。

　　9. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)是：... the health research community should ... recruit to its cause not only ... but ... ; because引導的原因狀語從句;Stephen Cooper后面是一個who引導的非限制性定語從句;最后一個who引導定語從句修飾all;

　　譯文：最后，因為最終決定因素是病人，醫(yī)療研究機構(gòu)不僅應該積極爭取像史蒂芬?guī)觳┻@樣的名人的支持--他對動物實驗的價值勇敢地進行了肯定--而且應該爭取所有接受治療的病人的支持。

　　10. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it's useless.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干為：... we demand everything ... ; 第一個逗號前為過去分詞短語shielded引導的狀語成分，第二個逗號后面是even if引導的讓步狀語從句;everything后面是that引導的定語從句，that在從句中作主語;

　　譯文：由于醫(yī)療費用由第三方支付，我們常常要求用盡所有的醫(yī)療手段，即使它們不會有任何作用。

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